This is a bacterial infection that often requires special attention since it is associated with extreme morbidity. It is a mixed bacterial infection whose pathogenesis principally involves extensive and rapid destruction of fascia, almost exclusively around the neck and craniofacial…
This is the most common gynaecological cancer. The risk factors for this condition are early age of first coitus, multiple sexual partners, having spouses with multiple sexual partners, high parity, infection with human papillomavirus(HPV), and infection with Herpes Simplex type…
Orofacial cellulitis may emanate from any of the sources and sites given earlier.The principal micro-organism that precipitate cellulitis produce diverse toxins, enzymes, and cytokines that destroy tissue to facilitate infection, which spreads through the contagious fascial planes. In this way…
PERIAPICAL AND DENTOALVEOLAR ABSCESS Occurs secondary to an infective process in the pulp. Clinical Features Clinically presents with pain and localized swelling adjacent to the carious tooth. This swelling can be purulent and can spread to the adjacent mucosa depending…
Dental and Oral Conditions Oral health is an integral part of general; health. It entails the health of the mouth (the oral cavity), the jaws, the teeth, and all the contiguous structures. Therefore, diseases, disorders, and conditions that may be…
Breast Conditions Breast disease presents in a variety of forms as lumps, breast pain, nipple discharge, breast ulcers, or eczema. BREAST ABSCESS This condition is common during lactation, especially the second week of puerperium, and during pregnancy. It rarely occurs…
Anorectal Conditions Clinical Features There is pain usually on defecation that prevents proper sitting and causes immobility(commonly due to abscess, thrombosed haemorrhoids, or acute fissure-in-ano). Painless bleeding is commonly due to haemorrhoids but may be due to colorectal carcinoma.…
INGUINAL HERNIA Inguinal hernia is an extension of the processus vaginalis, which fails to close during foetal development. Through this opening abdominal content can herniate to varying extents into the inguinal canal and scrotal sac. The communicating type is the…
During development, the gastrointestinal tract first develops into a tube that later canalizes. Failure of this process during any stage may result in intestinal atresia, which can affect any section of the bowel and can have varying degrees of severity.…
Clinical Features Start classically with diffuse abdominal pain felt most prominently in the peritoeumblical area. There is anorexia and nausea. Vomiting may follow. Pain then settles in the right lower quadrant and is localized at McBurney’s point. The pain…
